Impact of War on Child Education

Impact of War on Child Education The wellbeing of refugee children in an early childhood education context: Connections and dilemmas. Journal of Educational Enquiry, Vol. 13, no. 1, pp.18-34. In this article Shallow Whitington review how providing an environment supporting the wellbeing of refugee children is vital to their resettlement. This article recognises that early childhood is the prime time for refugee children to participate in intervention programs as this time maximises outcomes for children. The authors used date gained through researcher observations, checklists and interviews of parents and school staff to gain a broader understanding of the school community. This data was designed to generate professional development aimed at supporting teachers to develop educational frameworks supportive of refugee childrens wellbeing and the dilemmas they face in the school environment. Their research was carried out as a case study and focused on eight children, three families and three parents to identify the practical and emotional support offered to refugee children as identified by parents and staff. This article connects with early childhood pedagogical beliefs a s it provides insight into the process of including all children into an educational setting and programs thereby insuring the emotional wellbeing of all children. This article recognises the importance of different diversities, cultural traditions (Ailwood, Boyd Theobald, 2016), resilience and strengths of refugee families (Arney Scott, 2013) which are vital to the development of socio-cultural perspectives, educational programs and strategies. This article was useful as it related to Rogoffs idea of the community of learners (Nolan Raban, 2015) which promotes the wellbeing of all children, not only refugees, by participating in shared activities and experiences. The main limitation of this article is that meaning, intention and understanding may have been changed as an interpreter was used during the interviews. Also the children were observed on one day and many variables may affect a childs wellbeing on any day. The authors indicate that this study is just a beginning point f or educators and schools to understand how they can support refugee children and their families. This article provided background information on the necessity of inclusive practices and strategies to promote emotional wellbeing of children in early childhood settings through games, peer interactions and welcoming and including all family members to the service. References Ailwood, J. Boyd, W. Theobald, M. (2016) Understanding Early Childhood Education and Care in Australia. Allen and Unwin. Crows Nest: Australia Arney, F., Scott, D.(2013). Working with vulnerable families: A partnership approach (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Australia Nolan, A. Raban, B. (2015).ÂÂ   Theories into Practice. Teaching Solutions. Blairgowrie: Australia. Shallow, N. Whitington, V. (2014). The wellbeing of refugee children in an early childhood education context: Connections and dilemmas. Journal of Educational Enquiry, Vol 13, no 1, pp.18-34. Retrieved March 2017 from http://www.ojs.unisa.edu.au/index.php/EDEQ/article/view/870/664 Moylan, C., Herrenkohl, T.,Sousa, C., Tajima, E., Herrenkohl, R. Russo, M. (2010). The Effects of Child Abuse and Exposure to Domestic Violence on Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviour Problems. Journal of Family Violence, Vol. 5, no.1, pp. 53 63 In this article Moylan, Herrenkohl, Sousa, Tajima, Herrenkohl Russo examines the effects of child abuse and/or exposure to domestic violence in childhood on adolescent internalizing and externalizing behaviours. This article addresses outcomes for family violence and the resilience in each individual family. It discusses the results of domestic violence (depression, withdrawal and anxiety) and highlights the risks associated with stresses in the family and the surrounding environment. This longitudinal study used data collected through interviews, individual questionaries and checklists to identify whether adolescents internalise and externalise behaviours due the experiencing child abuse and/or witnessing domestic violence. The research focused on assessing 457 children of different genders, and 297 families from mixed races and social economic backgrounds, and followed the children into adulthood. This article was limited by the inability to establish exactly how frequently and over what length of time exposure to child abuse and/or domestic violence occurred. Another limitation is that only moderately severe behaviours were documented so the authors suggest that greater samples and different statistical methods be used to develop a more comprehensive study into the effects of child abuse and/or violence on adolescent behaviours. A strength of the study was the combination of parent reports and reflective reports from adolescences regarding their experiences as they grew up. While this article did not actually provide relevant strategies and resources for use in an early childhood setting, it developed an awareness of pedagogies and strategies to be used with young children to assist them to identify and use appropriate behaviours when interacting with others. It highlighted possible causes for young children externalising anti-social behaviours or internalising their thoughts and feelings when they are in my care. This article reinforces Skinners belief that childrens behaviours are influenced by their environmental conditions and systemic reinforcements (Nolan Raban, 2015, p.42). An important part of my pedagogy supporting children experiencing challenging situations and identifying approaches to sensitively respond to them (Ailwood, Boyd Theobald, 2016). Strategies to incorporate into an early childhood setting include group time discussions with preschool children selecting which scenario depicts the correct behaviour. This will assist them to become aware that some behaviours they accept as the norm are not actually socially acceptable ways of behaving. It is the role of the educator to offer reinforcements and rewards for more acceptable responses and actions (Nolan Raban, 2015). Bandura states much human behaviour is learned from other humans (Nolan Raban, 2015, p.47), so as an educator I must be a model (Nolan Raban, 2015, p.47), demonstrating and acting in ways that I wish the children in my care to imitate. References Ailwood, J. Boyd, W. Theobald, M. (2016). Understanding Early Childhood Education and Care in Australia. Allen and Unwin. Crows Nest: Australia Moylan, C.; Herrenkohl, T; Sousa, C.; Tajima, E.; Herrenkohl, R. Russo, M. (2010).ÂÂ   The Effects of Child Abuse and Exposure to Domestic Violence on Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviour Problems. Vol 5, no1. pp. 53 63. Retrieved March 2017 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2872483/ Nolan, A. Raban, B. (2015).ÂÂ   Theories into Practice. Teaching Solutions. Blairgowrie: Australia. Hanson, J., Hair, N., Shen, D., Shi, F., Gilmore, J., Wolfe, B., Pollak, S. (2013). Family Poverty Affects the Rate of Human Infant Brain Growth. Journal of PLoS One, Vol. 8, no. 12. In this article Hanson, Hair, Shen, Shi, Gilmore, Wolfe, Pollak review how poverty may shape brain functions which trigger cognitive processes such as information processing, also behavioural regulation, schooling and health. The authors use data gained by analyzing 203 MRI scans from 75 children with 1-7 scans longitudinally per child, to examine how brain development in young children is affected by poverty. Children aged between 5 months to 4 years, from lower socioeconomic status backgrounds as well as more affluent backgrounds were the subjects of this research. Their research focuses on the volume of brain development (gray, white and cerebral) as the growth of gray matter is essential for the processing of information and implementing actions. This article is useful to the pedagogies, strategies and resources to implement in an early childcare setting as it establishes that lower volumes of brain tissue are connected to more behavioural problems in toddlers and preschool chil dren. These problems may take the form of breaking rules, extreme aggression and hyperactivity. The main limitation of this article was that the children studied were normal with those suffering from birth complications and family psychiatric history excluded. Also more children were from two-parent families. The authors indicate that the results under represent the real effects of socioeconomic status however poverty and environmental factors definitely affect human brain development and behaviour. The use of Banduras Social Learning theory to help educators gain a better understanding of children in their care who are in poverty or children at risk of poverty and to model desirable behaviors (Berk, 2013). As an early childhood educator using multimodal texts such as pictures and videos is an enriching way to educate children about poverty.ÂÂ   Early childhood educators should use the strategies of encouragement, support and intentional teaching to promote further investigatio n about this topic. References Berk, L. (2013). Child development.(9th ed.).ÂÂ   USA: Pearson education Hanson, J., Hair, N., Shen, D., Shi, F., Gilmore, J., Wolfe, B., Pollak, S. (2013). Family Poverty Affects the Rate of Human Infant Brain Growth. Journal of PLoS One, Vol 8, no 12. Retrieved March 2017 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3859472/ Wessells, G. (2017). Children and Armed Conflict: Interventions for Supporting War- Affected Children. Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol.23 no.1 pp. 4-13. This article by Wessells reviews the need for intervention and the three areas of supports (comprehensiveness, sustainability and Do No Harm) needed to assist children affected by war in various countries. The author uses date gained through narratives, research, dialogue and the UN convention rights of the child. Their main research focuses on addressing childrens survival, development and their participation rights and the fact that if a child is a victim of any violence they are entitled to physiological and social recovery support. It advocates everyday practices such as a parent hugging their child, a teacher giving advice to a student or a shelter that gives privacy, as these actions can have beneficial physiological impacts. The main limitation to this article is the lack of long term research on whether or not children who received intervention are better off than children who didnt. The author indicates that comparative studies are also needed on which interventions have lon g lasting effects. This article relates to the pedagogies, strategies and resources implemented in an early childcare setting as it promotes the view that there is no one support for all children. Each child is an individual, requiring specific support and help as it relates to their individual circumstance, family background and environment. The best intervention approach includes all levels of a childs environment; their family, neighbourhood, community, school and social level. Bronfenbrenners ecological systems theory explains how everything in the child and their environment impacts on how a child grows and develops (Nolan Raban, 2015, p. 36). An early childhood educators pedagogy, strategies and resources should include knowledge about a childs background, their previous experiences and the involvement of support services if necessary. For a child who has experienced trauma early in their life a calm, familiar, predictable and unhurried early childhood setting as favoured by Steiner (NolanÂÂ   Raban, 2015) will be beneficial for their learning. References Wessells, G. (2017). Children and Armed Conflict: Interventions for Supporting War- Affected Children. Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol.23 no.1 pp. 4-13. Retrieved March 2017 from http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/pac/23/1/4.pdf Nolan, A. Raban, B. (2015).ÂÂ   Theories into Practice. Teaching Solutions. Blairgowrie: Australia.

Pain and Passion

Pain and Passion was a strong topic. The class was divided into pairs to take a 50-minute lesson linking with pain and passion. Two drama techniques had to be introduced. After each lesson a five minute debrief took place. We were given two lessons of preparation time and had to work to a time plan. I knew it would take a lot of effort to run a lesson. I chose a topical issue sparking off lots of strong opinions. My lesson was about abortion. I felt it tied in well with pain and passion. The pain being a child's life was at risk due to the night of passion. I wasn't first to lead the class so I listened attentively to what criticism was put forward during the debrief. I learnt from other's mistakes. One of the things I found was that a lesson should be expressed through different scenarios, keeping the class's attention. I set the scene with a young couple, Sarah and Jake, who were in a crisis. The crisis being, should have an abortion or not. The first part of my timeplan was explaining the situation and then asking the class to show, what state of mind Sarah was in. The ideas were to be expressed through stylistic drama using one drama technique or more. In other lessons more time was spent on planning helping to produce good drama pieces from the class. I decided to have more time spent on planning rather than performing. The second part consisted of what if Sarah had the abortion or didn't. In each scenario there had to be a good and bad side. The good side of having or not having the abortion was to be shown through dream sequence and the bad side of having or not having the abortion shown through nightmare sequence. I thought I planned my lesson well considering I was on my own. I wasn't prepared for the lesson I took the class. I had forgotten my watch and my partner was away leaving me to be the teacher. One improvement can be to go over my planning strategies. I relaxed and addressed the class with a BBC accent! The first piece of drama was on Sarah's state of mind. The class planned their pieces quite well but the pieces were short giving me more time. One group had only four people. Many people think more people in a group make a better drama piece. This group proved it wrong. The drama piece was very distinctive. The other groups showed one feeling throughout their drama. This play showed how Sarah was happy at the thought of being a mother and sad at the thought of having a child to bring up. As the teacher I was able to see abortion through other people's eyes. Each student had a major role to play especially Maria as Sarah. It's really hard to change expressions every second but she made it look so easy. Everyone got involved and this boosted my confidence as a teacher to see that they were enjoying the lesson. The other half of the lesson went perfectly. The class had to use the drama techniques I set, dream and nightmare sequence. Everyone performed well due to good planning. Scarlet's group did a nightmare sequence about Sarah's life with a baby. It was a negative outlook on having children. There were strong ideas expressed throughout the play. The audience was able to see how having a baby at a young age was stressing and sometimes left with no financial or emotional support. It was an excellent piece of drama. I think I showed good teaching skills. I was quite patient but I felt it was quite difficult to keep the class quiet even when raising my voice. I went round to see if there were any problems and keeping track of time, which is a vital part of teaching. One of the hardest things was the way I had to address the class. I had to step out of the role of a friend and step in as a teacher. When it came to commenting on a drama piece I had to use ‘excellent' rather than ‘wicked'. The lesson was very packed with things to do and this put off a few students from working. In future I would slow everything down slightly. Apart from that everything went according to plan. Rochelle and Yasmins lesson was very valuable. Rochelle explained everything whilst Yasmin organised the lesson. Yasmin is normally the quieter one but in her lesson she was very confident. Their topic was about war. War is probably what the news is all about. There is so much of it, people are forgetting about those in need. The main theme of the lesson was we should be grateful for how well off we are and think about others before worrying over small problems. The lesson began with a piece about a boy escaping from war to a new area. I took on the main role as the boy. We were playing basketball when I got the ball and everyone was telling me to shoot. We used flashbacks to show how the boy was told in his homeland to kill his own flesh and blood. We were showing the pressures of war. I was very enthusiastic about everything. Next we did hotseating. We questioned people part of the army in Africa. We asked why many boys were forced to go to war. It sparked a lot of debating. Rochelle and Yasmin were good teachers. I enjoyed myself whilst I was learning. They were role models for good teachers. I think being a teacher was a worthwhile experience. Sometimes we forget to realise what teachers do to provide good education. This topic was a good way to see that teaching is not as easy as it may look. It takes a lot of hard work and 100% commitment. Through this topic I have more respect for teachers.

The Lost Secret of Essay Topics for High School Students

The Lost Secret of Essay Topics for High School Students When you're in high school, it's definite that you're expected to do a few write-ups and projects which require pen and paper. The common structure of a paper contains an introduction, the body, and a conclusion. In an academic setting, but the paper needs to be formatted and organized in line with the corresponding standards without the usage of informal languages like slang or jargon. Also, utilize all the scratch paper you want. Where to Find Essay Topics for High School Students School should happen in the evenings. Life is much better than it was 50 decades ago. Parents should speak to kids about drugs at a youthful age. Parents of bullies should need to pay a fine. Things You Won't Like About Essay Topics for High School Students and Things You Will Differences between different social classes are closely associated with bad revenue distribution in the nation. Most writing you are going to have to do in your professional life will involve a whole lot of expository content too. Actually, you can make up any topic you want all on your own, as long because there is unlimited amount of those. It is possible to also obtain expert help at a little price tag. Normally, a structure of essay includes three principal sections, in other words, introduction, body, and conclusion. After you have chosen a topic, conduct research. Otherwise, you must look at a number of the easy compare and contrast essay topics on the many scientific innovations. The subject of any essay is among the main characteristics that define its success. At the conclusion of these list, you are going to discover links to a range of argumentative paragraphs and essays. Explain the objective of the paper and the way you mean to deal with the topic. Each paragraph should talk about a distinctive idea. Every paragraph must cover 1 topic in making the circulation of the essay smooth. Getting admission into your treasured high school might be the desire of your heart. Year round school isn't a good idea. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory over a particular age. They should be mandatory for the first five years after getting a license. Most Noticeable Essay Topics for High School Students You could select a topic that you're not interested in and wind up straining to compose the appropriate concept. It isn't so challenging to grasp an excellent theme as you imagine it. The absolute most powerful theme from Moby-Dick is Man's hubris to the mastery of the pure world. Within the body section, you should give supporting arg uments for each and every point that you earn. You should demonstrate facts employing colorful language instead of simply telling. In spite of the fact there are many high school essay topics one would choose, it may take her or him a very long time due to uncertainty. Some students find it tough to write about themselves, but others find it a lot easier to examine their private life, as opposed to researching an assigned topic. Essay Topics for High School Students Help! First and foremost it's essential to be sure that you comprehend the essay question fully and your essay answers each part of the question adequately. At a specific point, you will be asked to compose an essay utilizing satire essay topics. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to discover ready-made essays and use them as an example. If you wish to compose the essay yourself, we believe it would be best to decide on a universal subject or issue. Read the very first and last paragraphs of each essay before starting. Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectively. An essay has to be broken into paragraphs to ensure it is readable. If your essay isn't an imaginative narrative, don't forget to do a little research on the topic before you begin prodding your pen on the paper. Up in Arms About Essay Topics for High School Students? You just need to earn a collection of the proper topic you would desire. It isn't possible to create an actual friend online. Shopping online isn't secure or secure. What You Can Do About Essay Topics for High School Students Beginning in the Next 6 Minutes High school essay writing is a frequent classroom activity and is also part of several normal examinations. Nobody really wishes to compose an essay. Ultimately, you must locate a topic that will somehow link your aims and aspirations with what's given in the college that you aspire to join. There are topics which each student would like to write about.

The Computer Into The Learning Process - 1284 Words

The introduction of the computer into the learning process has given people the opportunity to explore the benefits of this tool. Technology has been incorporated into the learning environment ever since the computer was introduced to schools in the early 1980s. Now, according to the National Center for Education Statistic, there is a ratio of 5.3 to 1 of students to computers in a class, as of 2009. The use of computers for educational purposes is rarely questioned these days. People often wonder why on some assignments computers are not used or sometimes not allowed. The basic computer skills are often taught in class and sometimes there is even a separate class for students to learn how to type and use the computer programs. The idea†¦show more content†¦These issues were brought up in discussion in two different articles by Lowell Monke and Laurie Fendrich â€Å"Charlotte’s Webpage† and â€Å"Bad Student Writing? Not So Fast†, respectively. Fendrich and Monke take two different stances on the use of technology, like computers, for learning but few similarities can be seen. Both can agree that technology and its unique uses are a major part of the learning environment for the younger generations. Fendrich’s article expresses the positive advantages of the use of technology in the younger generation. She discusses how the older generation believes â€Å"that these irresponsible young people have not been trained properly† (par. 2). The older generation may be reluctant to â€Å"embrace new ideas† and they also have a hard time understanding and accepting the ideas of this younger generation (par. 5). She also eludes to the idea that technology is an excuse for the fearfulness that the elders have to embrace the new generations and the technologies that come with it. Fendrich often cites two people in her article, Clive Thompson and Edith Hamilton, who also have created theories on the very idea of education and the response people have to the changing dynamic of the classroom. She often identifies herself with the notion that the increased use of technology in the upcoming generation has

Domestic Violence And Its Effects On Society Essay

Domestic violence, a form violence that inflicts pain to the people around the abuser, still remains as a big issue to society. Domestic violence has no gender, meaning it affects anybody at any place. The outcome of this violence critically affects the victim to several psychological and physiological issues. Domestic violence brings negative outcomes towards the victim and the abuser. Domestic violence could ruin both the victim and the abuser’s lives. Domestic violence still remains a big issue because it causes critical consequences and people should be more mindful and educated about aggressive behavior at home. So what exactly is domestic violence? An aggressive behavior at homes is the point at which one accomplice in a personal relationship manhandles the other. The abuse can be physical, sexual, or a mix of both. Many forms of physical including slapping, choking , daily beating or being forced into sexual intercourse. The violence could happen frequently or on a few occasions and females are generally the victims of male verbal insults, threats, and physical. In addition, abusive behavior at home can happen between a wide range of individuals and a wide range of connections. Aggressive behavior at home is a typical reality in our general public. It happens in every single social class, ethnic, societies and religions. The vast majority don t understand that how basic it is, on the grounds that frequent casualties of mishandle stay silent. One way to reduce theShow MoreRelatedDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1745 Words   |  7 Pages Domestic Violence in Literature Domestic violence entails transgressions that tend to exhibit regular occurrence worldwide. Domestic violence is substantially attributable to the psychological, physical, mental, and sexual forms of suffering or anguish. Domestic violence further refers to the family violence or spousal abuse that defines the evident pattern of violent behaviors executed by one spouse to the other in the close affiliations that include courtships, matrimony, family, or individualsRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1204 Words   |  5 Pages a.INTRODUCTION Domestic violence is defined as a violent behavior or an act of abuse between couples in the home. It is called family violence. Usually most women are harmed and the witnesses of this violence are also effected. This abuse is frowned upon in todays society. In Chile domestic violence wasn t taken seriously because of the cultural norm which was that men controlled the women. There are many treatments for the abuse but they are only focused on the victim; the one committing theRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1649 Words   |  7 PagesIn America most cases of Domestic Violence are never actually reported, many times these cases go unheard and the victims suffer in silence. The worn out cries of a battered woman as she lays on the ground clutching herself and begging her significant other to just stop. The bruises and cuts that remain unreported due to the victim claiming they accidentally fell yet again. The abusers tend to make the victim almost entirely depend able on them. An abuser will do this to gain control and to createRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society869 Words   |  4 Pagesimbalance of neurotransmitters can impact an individual’s development and overall self-image. Equally, an individual’s experience with domestic violence and its horrific ramifications can also impact a person’s psychological, emotional, physical, and social growth. Domestic Violence Domestic violence, is a virulent calamity that has woven its way into our society for thousands of years. It is not biased to a particular race, group, or culture. Grievously, it has an everlasting negative impact onRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1859 Words   |  8 Pagesdoors. Domestic violence kills. The facts are startling; one in every four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime, and those are just the cases that are reported. In the past weeks, America’s eye has been fixated on the NFL and the Capital Justice Departments prosecution of Adrian Peterson, Ray Rice and Greg Hardy. They were all indicted on allegations of domestic violence and abuse. Each year, another stack of players are arrested, or â€Å"caught† with a history of domestic violenceRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society904 Words   |  4 Pagesout of every four women will go through domestic violence situations in life. (safehorizon.com) Dome stic violence is aggressive behavior towards someone else at home or in a relationship. This can happen at home between spouses/partners or parents and children. Domestic violence should be given more acknowledgment in the media and in classrooms so that people are aware of what is happening. If we do not continue to advocate for victims and educate society, victims will continue to suffer physicallyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society2241 Words   |  9 PagesDomestic violence, a highly prevalent, almost authorized, legally penalized, almost always hidden heinous crime, has been a matter of concern in many countries. More so in India, as every 2 in 5 women face domestic violence in India and about once every five minutes an incident of domestic violence is reported in India, under its legal definition of cruelty by husband or his relatives. Although it is gender neutral, domestic violence is usually perpetrated against women and hence it becomes essentialRead Mor eDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1360 Words   |  6 Pagesissue of domestic violence. Defined by domesticviolence.org (2012) as a behavior â€Å"used by one person in a relationship to control the other†, domestic violence can be physical, emotional, sexual, verbal, or even financial. Although the issue of abusers being punished is a significant one, it must be realized that there are victims, and those victims need help. Some countries have no concern or sympathy for victims, as more than twenty countries have no laws against abuse (Domestic Violence in DevelopingRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1431 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic violence is that dark little secret kept by your neighbor, your friend, your family member, or even yourself. It touches the lives of men, women, and children in every ethnic and economic group on the face of the earth. In order to stem the tide of this egregious and infectious behavior we cannot consider it so lely a women’s issue. It is as much a men’s issue as it is a women’s issue, maybe more so, and can only be effectively addressed if we enlist and encourage the help of familyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1720 Words   |  7 PagesTo date, although domestic violence has been researched, the law remains a constraint to victims’ growth and stability. The laws and programs provided in today’s society are limited and affect the victims exit from domestic violence relationships. Further research could propel an initiation of better-developed laws and programs and cause a great impact in how victims respond to domestic violence. Few studies have researched how successful domestic violence victims have been with the legal process

Explain the Argument for Legalizing Euthanasia Free Essays

Explain the argument for legalising euthanasia. (30 marks) The term ‘euthanasia’ derives from the Greek language meaning ‘a good death’. Euthanasia is the process in which a person who is suffering from a painful or crippling ailment or disability decides to end their own life, or a persons life being legally ended by another person. We will write a custom essay sample on Explain the Argument for Legalizing Euthanasia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Currently, the laws in the UK make it illegal for a person to assist in allowing a person to commit suicide under the murder Act of 1965 and the Suicide Act 1971. The law states that intentionally ending a persons life, even with their consent, is illegal, as is assisting person to commit suicide. These are both offenses that are seen in the same light as murder. There have been over the last few years attempts to pass bills through parliament to change the laws around euthanasia within the United Kingdom. In 2009, Scottish Parliament tried to pass the End of Life Assistance Bill, which was put forward by Parkinson’s disease sufferer, Margo Macdonald MSP. The law would allow those whose lives have become ‘intolerable’ due to a progressive degenerative illness, serious trauma or terminal illness to have the assistance of a doctor to help end their lives. Despite a series of proposed safeguards to be put into to prevent abuse of the system should the law be passed, the Scottish Parliament failed to pass the bill, with 85 votes against to the 16 for passing the bill. Similarly, in 2006, the Parliament of the UK tried to pass a bill that would allow a person who has less than 6months to live, suffering unbearably and sound mind would be able to end their life. This law was proposed by Lord Joffe who said â€Å"We must find a solution to the unbearable suffering of patients whose needs cannot be met by palliative care. † Other member of the House of Lords welcomed the bill with support. Baroness David who stated â€Å"If I were terminally ill, I believe I would be the only person with the right to decide how I died† and also said that allowing euthanasia â€Å"would provide me with an additional option on how to end my life which I would find tremendously reassuring. † This bill was also received with opposition. Other members of the House of Lords who were against the bill included The Archbishop of Canterbury Dr Rowan Williams and The Archbishop of Westminster Cardinal Cormac Murphy O’Connor. The ProLife alliance had stated that they would resist any changes in the laws surrounding euthanasia. The bill was eventually blocked by the House of Lord, with 148 against the bill, with the 100 votes for the bill. Mark Slattery from the charity Dignity with Dying, said they will continue to campaign to introduce an assisted dying bill. More recently, Anna Soubry, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Health stated â€Å"I think it’s ridiculous and appalling that people have to go abroad to end their life instead of being able to end their life at home. † This statement from Ms Soubry came days after locked-in syndrome sufferer Tony Nicklinson lost his right-to-die case in the High Court, and resulted in refusing food which led to his death 6 days. Tony had wanted his wife to help him end his life without her being prosecuted for murder, after a stroke, left him paralysed and unable to communicate verbally. He once stated, â€Å"I am fed up with my life, I do not want to spend the next 20 years like this† There have been other high profile cases, which have shown support for the allowing of Euthanasia within the UK. Terry Pratchett, a renowned author and sufferer of Alzheimer’s disease, is currently campaigning for the right-to-die and assisted suicide. He fears that with his condition, he would not be able to die with dignity, which he wishes. He strongly supports euthanasia, saying that when his time comes, he would wish that he would be able to end his life in the way in which he wants. Terry has produced and presented television documentaries around his argument of assisted dying, where he met other people who wish to have assisted suicide, and showed the Dignitas Clinic in Switzerland, where British people could go to legally end their life. There are several arguments in favour of euthanasia. One argument is based around the idea that we all have personal autonomy – the freedom to make choices over our own lives. It is argued that we all have control over our wn lives, so therefore, that should include our right to choose whether we live or die. By not allowing euthanasia would be breaching the persons rights and taking away persons autonomy, as their choice of life would be made by the law and not by themselves. In addition, it stated in the General medical councils â€Å"Good Medical Practice† guide for doctors (2006) that doctors should listen and respond to patients concerns and preferences, furthermore, it is argued that doctors should respect the decisions of their care and treatment. Putting this into context, it is argued that doctors would not be upholding or respecting the patient’s rights or preferences, should they not be able to respond to their wishes, even if it were to die by means of assisted suicide. It is also argued that doctors already can administer involuntary passive euthanasia legally, so what is the difference of them administering active euthanasia. For example, by switching off a person’s life support machine that they are dependent upon to preserve their life, so the doctor is therefore affectively ending the person’s life. In addition, doctors can also administer medication (such as morphine) to relieve a person’s pain, even if they know this could speed up a person’s death. In this case, it is known as the ‘Principle of the Double Effect’ which protects doctors who perform actions in order to achieve a good primary outcome (such as to relieve pain), in case there were unintentional secondary outcomes, such as death. Also, people already have assisted suicide, despite it being outlawed in this country. There have been cases where family members or friends have been imprisoned for assisting in the death of loved ones who could not end their lives independently. It is therefore argued, if euthanasia already happens throughout the country, which includes the actions of medical professional, and it would be the practical idea to legalise it, as it would allow us legalise what already happens and to have the ability to regulate it. Finally, other arguments can also be based around the ‘Quality of Life’ Principle. The quality of life is a condition where a person enjoys a life of independence and physical, emotional and intellectual well-being. Many people who suffer from progressive ailments or disabilities, will often begin to lose their quality of life in one way or another. For example, they may become incontinent, lose the ability to carry out every day personal tasks such as cleaning themselves, or unable to feed themselves, and this can be become prevailing throughout the progression of their illness or disability. This can cause people to lead an undignified and unhappy life, which can be distressing to both the sufferer and the family. Many people, such as Terry Pratchett, when diagnosed with progressive illnesses wish they could end their lives before they enter the stage were there quality of life is insufficient to lead a good life. Some people argue that it is wrong to not allow people who do not lead a good quality to end their lives, as it is seen as the more justified and righteous thing do, as it ends the suffering both the family and the sufferer endure by being in that condition. How to cite Explain the Argument for Legalizing Euthanasia, Essay examples

Consider the Pardoners Prologue and the Sermon Interlude at the beginning of his tale Essay Example For Students

Consider the Pardoners Prologue and the Sermon Interlude at the beginning of his tale Essay The ars praedicandi was literally the art of preaching an elaborate theory which set down the rules and guidelines both moral and technical by which all preachers must abide. Chaucer was familiar with the ars, possibly only because of the many sermons he would have invariably listened to. The moral aspect of the ars is that which the Pardoner is guilty of perverting. He is a vicious man, and a man guilty of avarice, but the ars states that a preacher should not preach for personal gain, but to spread the word of God, and to enlighten the masses. Chaucers Pardoner does anything but he describes the people he preaches to as being lewd and takes full advantage of their ignorance and greed through playing upon his own. The Pardoners Prologue is an excellent example of the Pardoners lack of morality and his willingness to gain profit at any cost. He reveals his techniques of preaching to the pilgrims perhaps in an attempt to confess and gain absolution, perhaps because he knows it is futile to attempt to hide his true nature. Maybe the Pardoner is more intelligent than we think he is impatient of occupying the place of a futile hypocrite , and wishes to either clear the air before starting his tale, or boast of his abilities. For whatever the reason, his Prologue is one of debauchery and greed on his part and the part of his customary audience and also the manipulation of gullible people and a total disregard for the consequences of his actions. To begin with, the Pardoner describes his tools: the worthless paraphernalia that he passes off as holy relics, and also the verbal trickery used when giving a sermon. He moves on to tell of the outrageous properties he bestows upon his relics all, ironically, are based in materialistic need, e. g. the ability of the mitayn to multiply a mans crops. The Pardoner preaches out of avarice, to avarice. He then goes on to tell of his motivation he is greedy, and does not care if the souls he damns go to Purgatory for eternity. Comparisons are made by the Pardoner of himself to a dove the embodiment of the Holy Spirit as an image of himself looking down on the congregation as he makes his way through the sermon. This blasphemy is against all of the moral grounds that the ars was attempting to uphold. The pilgrims will, of course, be suitably shocked by this point, and even more so when the Pardoner tells of his indifference to the plight of starving widows and children; to him they are merely more lewed people who deserved to be bled dry, in order to fill his own gluttony. The sermon interlude is of course another opportunity for the Pardoner to once again demonstrate his complete lack of morality. The sermon is of course the one that he preaches to the people from the villages his usual congregation because he only has one. It is an example of the wilful hypocrisy he uses when attempting to con people out of their money; what better way to do it than by telling them that money is evil, and that gluttony being the root of money is even more so? Little more is said about himself and his own viciousness however, as he launches full on into the only sermon he possesses, and knows by heart. References are made to biblical stories, quotations, and also one secular figure Senec. His examples are twisted however there is, for example, grave doubt as to whether the Fall of Man resulted from gluttony. .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 , .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .postImageUrl , .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 , .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26:hover , .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26:visited , .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26:active { border:0!important; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26:active , .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26 .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue3baa5c528f5ebefc83f358e1765df26:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The character Wade Whitehouse from the book Affliction by Russell Banks is very complex EssayAs a preacher who should be following the ars praedicandi, his perversions of biblical tales is blasphemous at the very least. There is debate over whether the Pardoner actually intended to give his audience a complete specimen of his discourses, or whether he was merely carried away by professional enthusiasm. In light of the Prologue, and the rest of the Tale, we would be more likely to assume the former. For it seems that the Pardoner, whilst perverting the first aspect of the ars praedicandi, is highly skilled at the second technique. The sermon interlude, or discourse on the sins is nearly two hundred lines long. The question arises of how the Pardoner avoids the pitfall of becoming tedious. The answer: his extraordinary virtuosity of preaching. The ars demands a variety of different techniques from the preacher all instrumental in holding an audiences interest, and keeping them suitably impressed. For example, suspense, climax, theme and exempla are all demonstrated in the Pardoners Prologue and the sermon interlude. Here and there we find smatterings of Latin, snippets of biblical and secular stories and references, and the wonderful apostrophe: O wombe! O bely! O stinking cod! . This all serves to give the impression that the sermon interlude is not merely the transparent collection of inaccuracies that a real Pardoner would have produced, but an analysis of what will later be demonstrated in the Tale the merging together of the sins which, together, constitute the major sin of gluttony avarice being merely one aspect of this. At one moment the Pardoner is stern denouncing all from on h igh and in the next he is friendly and jocular. The level of variety he demonstrates is impressive. Above all, his style demonstrates repetition, for, as we well know by now, his customary audience are lewed stupid and his intention is to give them a sermon that they can fix in their heads and remember well, without becoming bored or inattentive. The Pardoner also has the ability to adapt to the situation he is in he preaches to a wide variety of people, and has the job of convincing those people who would: destourbe Cristes holy werk that he is indeed a legitimate preacher. The end of the Introduction to the Pardoners Tale is testament to this; the looseness of the Pardoners morals is well known to the pilgrims, and therefore he makes no attempt to assume any hypocritical airs or graces. He conforms to the mood of his audience in a way which is essential to the Preachers arts his sermon, despite being the only one he knows, contains anecdotes which could adapt to fit any given situation. The pilgrims are not ignorant, nor are they, for the most part, gullible, but they still clamour for a story, and the Pardoner delivers exactly what they are after. The extent to which the Pardoners preaching complies with the ars praedicandi then, is quite far, but only when one just takes into account his dexterity in and competence for the work. When one considers his motivation for preaching, his devotion to doctrine seems less enthusiastic, to put it mildly. The Pardoner, as a literary figure, is a paradox he preaches out of avarice, to avarice, and he can tell a moral tale even though he is a ful vicious man. His preaching is strengthened by the knowledge which supports it he perverts the preachers art, and yet is more powerful because of it.